THE
RESEARCH PROCESS: Guidelines for Multimedia and Web Page Production
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Information on this
page was originally published on the Springfield (Pa.) Township High School
Virtual Library Web site. Reproduced with permission.
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Technology has dramatically changed the manner in
which people share ideas and information. Students now have unprecedented
access to information, in all its forms--text, images, sound, and video.
This new access, combined with the new ease with which people can publish
electronically, has added to the complexity of copyright issues.
At Redwood High School we are concerned about
teaching our students to behave responsibly in an electronic environment.
We expect students to respect the integrity of intellectual property.
The following are guidelines to aid you in creating
research products using technology. They summarize and quote from the
Fair
Use Guidelines for Multimedia - http://www.libraries.psu.edu/mtss/fairuse/guidelinedoc.html
- produced by the Consortium of College and University Media Centers
in 1996. For more information about proper citation format, check our Bibliographic
Format Page.
Educators are encouraged to read the full document for guidelines affecting
instructional use of multimedia. Teachers should be cautious about copyright
when showing videos to classes. Videos in our library have been purchased
with public performance rights.
Multimedia
Projects (using presentation software)
In creating academic multimedia products, students
may use the “lawfully acquired copyrighted” works of others with proper
credit and citations. They may perform and display their own educational
multimedia projects in the course for which they were created. They may
also retain them as examples of their academic work for later personal
uses such as job and college interviews.
The rule of thumb for multimedia projects is to
“be conservative.” Use only small amounts of the works of others. Do not
make any unnecessary copies--no more than two “use copies” and one additional
back-up copy. (If a group created the project, each major contributor may
make his or her own copy but only for the purpose for which the project
was originally created.)
Crediting Sources
Students should include a note on the opening screen
of their project stating that some materials in the presentation are included
in accordance with the Multimedia Fair Use Guidelines and are restricted
from further use.
Students should credit all sources of copyrighted
information with full bibliographic citations, including author, title,
publisher, and place and date of publication, URL, etc. This bibliographic
information may be combined and shown in a separate section of the project,
for instance, a works cited card or slide. (There are exceptions for images
when used for distance learning.) If the copyright notice © and copyright
ownership information is shown in the original source, students must show
it in their credits.
If there is a possibility that students will later
use their multimedia project in another way, for example dissemination
on the Web, they should take steps to obtain permissions for all copyrighted
portions while the project is being developed rather than waiting until
the project is completed.
Portions Used
There are very specific guidelines limiting the portions of copyrighted
works students are allowed to use in a multimedia project. Portion use
varies according to information format:
Text
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Up to 10% or 1000 words, whichever is less of a copyrighted
work
-
Poems: The entire poem if less than 250 words - 250
words or less if using a longer poem
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No more than 5 poems (or excerpts) of different poets,
from an anthology
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No more than 3 poems (or excerpts) by one poet
Music or Lyrics
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Up to 10% of a copyrighted musical composition, but
no more than 30 seconds from an individual musical work
-
Any alterations cannot change the basic melody or
the fundamental character of the work
Illustrations
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A photograph or illustration may be used in its entirety
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No more than 5 images by an artist or photographer
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No more than 10% or no more than 15 images of a collective
work
Motion Media
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Up to 10% of a copyrighted work or 3 minutes, whichever
is less
-
Numerical Data Sets
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Up to 10% or 2500 fields or cell entries, whichever
is less, from a copyrighted database or data table
Internet (use in multimedia
projects)
Care should be used in downloading material from Internet sites for
use in multimedia presentations. Students should be aware that some copyrighted
works have been posted to the Internet without authorization
of the copyright holder.
Integrity of the copyrighted
work: alterations
Educators and students may make alterations in
the portions of the copyrighted works used in an academic multimedia project
only if the alterations support specific instructional objectives. All
alterations must be noted.
Permission is required:
-
For multimedia projects used for non-educational
or commercial purposes
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For duplication or distribution of multimedia projects
beyond limitations outlined above (posting on the Web, for example)
-
When distributing the project over an electronic
network
Publishing
on the Web
The Fair Use Guidelines do not
extend to Web
publishing. They end when the creator of the multimedia project loses control
of his product's use, such as when it is accessed by others over the Internet.
Students may choose to search for images in databases that are within the
public domain. A list of such sites is located here.
Students should take steps to obtain permission for all copyrighted portions
of a Web product, unless it is very clearly noted that these materials
are in the public domain and available for free use. Requests for permission
should begin while the project is being developed.
Here's a template of a letter
you might mail or e-mail requesting permission to use copyrighted
work.
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Created by Webspinner:
June 1, 2001.
Bessie Chin Library @ Redwood High School, 395 Doherty
Drive, Larkspur, CA 94939 -- 415.945.3662